William Masters and Virginia Johnson were the first researchers to examine extensively the physical components of human sexual arousal.
They recorded four stages of sexual response as following :
- Excitement
- Plateau
- Climax (Orgasm)
- Resolution
Sexual arousal can be described as horny, turned on, randy, steamy and lustful.Sexual Arousal is the arousal of sexual desire during sexual activity.Sexual arousal in human reaches its climax during an orgasm.Mental stimuli, physical stimuli, and the internal fluctuation of hormones influence sexual arousal.Erotic stimuli is things that precipitate human sexual arousal.Every woman differs in sexual interest, response, and expression.The feeling of woman about sexuality can change according to circumtances and life stages.
One model suggests three stages of sexual response, such as :
- Desire
- Arousal
- Orgasm.
I. Woman Arousal
Woman arousal will respond body in sexual tissues, including nipples, vulva, clitoris, vaginal walls, and vaginal lubrication.Normally a woman is aroused and excited sexually to experience the expansion of the blood vessels in the pelvic region, allowing more blood to flow to the lower abdomen and genitals.Some women notice this as a feeling of fullness in the pelvis.Transudation is a phenomenon of increasing blood flow.It refers to seepage of fluid through the blood vessels walls.The fluid seeps into the vagina to provide lubrication before and during intercourse.Lubrication of the vagina can occur very rapidly in a minute.
* Woman Physiological Response
Woman sexual arousal causes various physical responses, most significantly in the genital organs :
- The vulva is wet
- The labia are slightly engorged
- Nipple erection
- Lubrication of vaginal
- Vasocongestion of the vaginal walls
- Elevation of the cervix and uterus
- Tumescence and erection of the clitoris and labia
- Expansion of the inner 2/3 of the vagina
- Change in shape, color, and size of the labia majora and labia minora
- Pupil dilation
* Woman Psychological Sexual Arousal
Cognitive factors, such as sexual motivation, perceived gender role expectations, and sexual attitudes play important roles in woman sexual arousal.woman sexual arousal is higher than man.
II. Sexual dysfunction (Sexual disorder)
Sexual Dysfunction is difficulty experienced by an individual or couple during any stage of a normal sexual activity, such as physical pleasure, desire preference, and orgasm.
Woman Sexual Dysfunction has four types :
- Low Sexual Desire is a lack of sexual interest or desire and willingness in having sex.
- Sexual Arousal Disorder is difficulty to maintain arousal during sexual activity.
- Orgasmic Disorder (Anorgasmia) is difficulty in achieving orgasm after sufficient sexual arousal and ongoing stimulation.
- Sexual pain Disorder (Dyspareunia) is pain associated with sexual stimulation or vaginal contact.
Causes of Woman Sexual Dysfunction
- Physical : medical conditions, such as heart disease, cancer, kidney failure, bladder problem, multiple sclerosis and certain medications including antihistamines, chemotherapy drugs, blood pressure drugs, antidepressants.
- Hormonal : lower the levels of estrogen after menopause that can cause changes in genital tissue and sexual responsiveness.
- Psycological and social : untreated anxiety, depression, a history of sexual abuse, the worry of pregnancy, the conflict of partner, cultural and religious issues.
Diagnosis of Woman Sexual Dysfunction
To diagnose woman sexual dysfunction by doing some procedures or tests.
- Physical Exam is an exam of the body to check general signs of health.
- Pelvic Examination is to evaluate the health of the reproductive organs.
- Pap Test is to detect changes in the cells of the cervix that may be cancer
- Evaluation of person'attitude is about sex, past sexual trauma, anxiety, fear, alcohol, drug abuse, relationship problem.
Treatment of Woman Sexual Dysfunction
- Providing Education is to educate the anatomy of human, sexual function, sexual behaviors and responses and the normal changes due to aging.
- Enhancing Stimulation uses erotic materials, masturbation and changes to sexual routines.
- Distraction Techniques use erotic and non erotic fantasies, including video, music, exercises with intercourse.
- Minimizing Pain in which allows woman to control the depth of penetration.
- Hormone Replacement Therapy is to improve certain conditions, including the loss of vaginal lubrication, genital sensation, and loss of interest in sex.
